which statement best describes the territory of Islamic caliphate in years of following Muhammad's death in 632 CE

Soon after the prophet Muhammad's death, there were military expeditions called "futuhat" or "openings" in Egypt and other parts of North Africa. In other parts of the world, Islam spread through trade and commerce.

Hello! I cant do most of these, But i can help with number 1.

#1 Is Georgia.

How was the geography of Mohenjo-Daro and the area inhabited by Native Americans of the Southwest different?

The Mohenjo-Daro was along a river, while Native Americans of the Southwest lived in the desert.

Last question(bottom)

Identify the factors (new resources, increased productivity, education, technology, slave economy, territorial expansion) that increase economic growth.

Payment from conquered peoples helped the Aztecs to

collect great wealth

I know this because I went over it a while ago with a teacher.

Using an old history book