In the opening of his speech, stalin refers to his audience as his friends. what type of audience appeal is he using?

The answer would be Pathos (APEX)

The type of audience appeal he is using is called PATHOS.

It is to do with emotions.You try to play with emotions of your audience.

Unemployment and old-age benefits were supposed to be provided by Social Security Act. The Social Security Act is a 1935 law that provides retirement pensions, unemployment insurances, and payments to people with disabilities, widows, and children of male workers who died.