Which empire was described as "an old, crazy, first-rate man of war" but because of incompetent leadership was destined to be "dashed to pieces on the shore"?

The Chinese Empire

Explanation:

Lord Macartney, a British envoy to China in the 19th century, described the Chinese empire as "an old, crazy, first-rate man of war" but because of incompetent leadership was destined to be dashed to pieces on the shore. He made this remark after a diplomatic struggle to establish an embassy at the court of the Emperor of Qianlong which failed. He noted that China had a potential due to its size and impact of its ancient culture but lacked good leadership which could result in its fall.

B. establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the

common defence