Your high school is proposing moving to a system in which grades are no longer given or used to evaluate student progress. Define the following concept and state how each might positively or negatively change student behavior under such a system: Extrinsic motivation, Learned helplessness and Self-fulfilling prophecy

Explanation:

1) Extrinsic motivation :Extrinsic motivation refers to external rewards such as money ,fame ,praise ,grade etc .It originates from the outside of the individual .

Extrinsic behavior will affect a students behavior positively because giving the rewards that fall under extrinsic motivation there are things capable of motivating the students .The negative effect is that it might lead to uneccessary competition and as students these rewards are not essential to them

2)Learned helplessness :

This is a situation in which a student feels hopeless about a condition and his ability to succeed even though there is no consistent relationship between behavior and outcome that leads to perceived loss of control that makes people stop trying in the future e.g., "No matter how I put in extra effort .I still get C grades and so I give up.

Learned helplessness will affect a student negatively because it restricts the student from moving ahead expect in a case where the condition of the child is considered and the situation identified before grading

Self fulfilling prophecy :

This involves two aspects ...a teacher which will serve as the prophet and a student as the believer

Student as prophet (believer):

student belief about self --> student behavior --> prophecy-confirming consequence

e.g., "I believe I'm a c student, so I don't study and become a c student."

teacher belief about student --> teacher behavior --> student behavior (confirms belief)

e.g., "The teacher thinks a student is gifted and gives the student extra attention. The student works harder." (It is assumed that the student's behavior will confirm the teacher's belief.).I feel this is the best method because it can increase positive thinking in the students and have positive effect on the grade of the students