g Explain the meaning of ploidy (haploid, diploid, aneuploid etc.) and how it relates to the number of homologues of each chromosome

The correct answer is - Ploidy is the number of sets of chromosomes in a biological cell.

Explanation:

Ploidy is the number of sets of the chromosome in a living cell. Ploidy is known for different condition such as haploid, diploid, and aneuploid, and many more depends how many homologues chromosome numbers are present in the cell.

Diploid cells are common in many organisms where one chromosome come from the mother gamete and the other from the father gamete and makes the homologues chromosomes. In diploid homologues, chromosome are 2n where n is the number of homologues of each chromosome.

In haploid there is only one set of each chromosome and mainly takes place by meiosis. In aneuploidy is the condition where the number of homologues chromosomes are not as the normal genome of the organism for example in humans instead of 46 chromosomes there 45 or 47 chromosome found.

Messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules carry the coding sequences for protein synthesis and are called transcripts; ribosomal RNA (rRNA) molecules form the core of a cell's ribosomes