The fact that the zebra's stripes are passed down in its DNA indicates that the stripes may serve an evolutionary advantage. What do you think is the evolutionary need for such complex designs?

Camouflage and other visual illusions

Explanation:

There are several theories for why zebras have evolved to have striped coats. One of the lines of thinking is that it allows them to blend into long grass to avoid predation. The stripes blend into a sort of gray colour at a distance, making them difficult to spot.

The stripes may also "dazzle" their predators, because the properties of black and white stripes can give the illusion of movement. If there are many zebra huddled together, some moving, some not, it may be difficult for a predator to lock on to its prey.

It could be some sort of deterrent to stop bugs and other pests, because they can less successfully land on striped patterns.

The correct answer is a) 48.16 grams of HCl will be produced, b) mass of chlorine consumed is 206 grams.

Explanation:

a) The reaction given is:

K₂S₂O₃ + 4Cl₂ + 5H₂O ⇒ 2KHSO₄ + 8HCl

Based on the given information, the mass of KHSO4 is 45 grams. The moles of KHSO4 can be determined by using the formula,  

Moles = given mass/Molar mass

= 45/136.16

= 0.33 Moles of KHSO₄

From the reaction it can be seen that when 2 moles of KHSO₄ is produced, 8 moles of HCl is also produced. Therefore,  

2 moles of KHSO₄ = 8 moles of HCl

So, moles of HCl will be,  

Moles of HCl = 8 × 0.33/2

= 1.321 moles

Now the mass of HCl is,  

Mass of HCl = Moles of HCl × Molar mass of HCl

= 1.321 × 36.46

= 48.16 grams of HCl

b) It is known that 1 mole is equal to 6.023 × 10²³ molecules

In the given case, the molecules of water is given, that is, 2.20 * 10²⁴ molecules. Now let us consider that the moles of water is x.  

x mole of water = 2.20 × 10²⁴ /6.022 × 10²³

= 3.653 mole of H2O

From the reaction given, it can be seen that when 5 moles of water are consumed, 4 moles of chlorine are consumed.  

5 moles of water = 4 moles of chlorine

3.653 moles H₂O = x moles of Cl₂

Moles of Cl₂ = 4 × 3.653 /5  

= 2.906 moles Cl₂

Now the mass of Cl₂ determined as,  

Mass of Cl₂ = moles of Cl₂ × Molar mass of Cl₂

= 2.906 × 70.9

= 206 grams