When overdevelopment occurs and canals are built to divert rain water, the hydrological cycle can be disrupted. what is the most likely consequence of this disruption?

a. higher methane concentrations
b. higher water vapor concentrations
c. lower groundwater levels
d. lower sedimentation levels

I think the correct answer from the choices listed above is option C. When overdevelopment occurs and canals are built to divert rain water, then this would lower groundwater levels because the water cannot seep through the soil to the groundwater. Hope this answers the question.

C. Lower groundwater level.

Explanation:

The groundwater is a reservoir of water that accumulates underground when water from river, lakes, ponds, rainfall seeps inside the pores present on the rocks and soils.

If the river water is diverted than no water will be accumulated as groundwater and the level of groundwater will not be replenished. It's volume will decrease.

TNF-β; IL-10

Explanation:

Cytokines are a broad group of small proteins that have different roles in cell signaling. These proteins (cytokines) are secreted by specific cells of the immune system and synchronize immune system responses. Tumor necrosis factor-beta (TNF-β) is a mediator of inflammatory and immune responses secreted by activated T and B cells, which is inhibited by interleukin-10 (IL-10). Moreover, L-10 is a cytokine produced by different immune cells (e.g., T helper cells, monocytes, macrophages, mast cells, eosinophils, etc) that acts to suppress immune responses and regulate T helper cell responses, which are essential to orchestrate defensive mechanisms and thus control infections.