Which of the following correctly describes the result of genetic mutations when they occur in a body cell?

a) the individual may have an advantage that is beneficial for survival.

b) the mutation will be passed on to the offspring in certain circumstances.

c) the individual will have an extra chromosome resulting from non-disjunction.

d) the mutation may affect the individual but will not be inherited by the offspring.

The correct answer is option D.

Explanation:

A gene or genetic mutation is a permanent alteration in the sequence of DNA that makes up a gene. It can affect individuals in two ways in body cells by gametic cells that may transfer to offspring and somatic cells are only affect the individual but not passes on to offspring.

Somatic or body cell mutations occur during a person's lifetime and are occur only in certain cells in the body.

Thus, the correct answer is option D.

Sexual reproduction is important because it allows organisms to begin combining genes, allowing the next generation to do more than its parents; upping the chance of survival. Asexual reproduction is important because the population can increase rapidly when the conditions are favorable. Only one parent is needed which is an advantage and it is more time and energy efficient as you don’t need a mate which is an important advantage.