1) Aluminum hydroxide, Al(OH)3, is amphoteric. What does this mean?

Explanation:

Aluminium hydroxide is amphoteric. Because it reacts with both acids and bases. Like any conventional base, the OH radical in Al(OH)3 neutralizes H+ to make water and an aluminium salt. Al(OH)3 solid will also react with excess OH– to dissolve and form the complex ion [Al(OH)4]−.

Balanced net ionic equation :

Ag2CO3 (s) + H3O+ (aq) \rightleftharpoons 2 Ag+ (aq) + HCO3- (aq) + H2O (l)

K = 0.169

Explanation:

Reaction 1 : Ag2CO3 (s) \rightleftharpoons 2 Ag+ (aq) + CO32- (aq) : Ksp = 8.1 x 10-12

Reaction 2 : HCO3- (aq) + H2O (l) \rightleftharpoons CO32- (aq) + H3O+ (aq) : Ka2 = 4.8 x 10-11

If we reverse Reaction 2,

Reaction 3 : CO32- (aq) + H3O+ (aq) \rightleftharpoons HCO3- (aq) + H2O (l) : Kb1 = 1/Ka2

Kb1 = 1/(4.8 x 10-11)

Kb1 = 2.08 x 1010

If we combine Reaction 1 and Reaction 3, we get

Ag2CO3 (s) + H3O+ (aq) \rightleftharpoons 2 Ag+ (aq) + HCO3- (aq) + H2O (l)

K = (Ksp) * (Kb1)

K = (8.1 x 10-12) * (2.08 x 1010)

K = 0.169