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autumnplunkett09
18.10.2019 •
Chemistry
The rate of a chemical reaction depends on the concentrations of the reactants. let's consider the general reaction between a and b: aa+bb⇌cc+dd the dependence of the reaction rate on the concentration of each reactant is given by the equation called the rate law: rate=k[a]m[b]n where k is a proportionality constant called the rate constant. the exponent m determines the reaction order with respect to a, and n determines the reaction order with respect to b. the overall reaction order equals the sum of the exponents (m+n). for example, if m = 2 and n = 2 then rate = k[a]2 [b]2 and the overall reaction order is 2 + 2 = 4. the reaction orders are experimentally determined and usually not related to the reaction stoichiometric coefficients a and b. the reaction of ethyl bromide with sodium hydroxide, ch3ch2br(aq) + naoh(aq) ch3ch2 oh(aq) + nabr(aq) is first order in ch3ch2br and first order in naoh . if the concentration of ch3ch2br was increased by half and the concentration of naoh was quadrupled, by what factor would the reaction rate increase? express your answer numerically.
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Ответ:
The reaction rate of ethyl bromide (CH₃CH₂Br) with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) will increase by a factor of six when the initial concentrations of ethyl bromide and sodium hydroxide are increased by half and four, respectively.
For a reaction between A and B:
aA + bB ⇄ cC + dD
The reaction rate is proportional to the concentration of the reactants as follows:
Where:
k: is the rate constant
[A] and [B] are the concentrations of A and B, respectively
m and n are the reaction orders with respect to A and B, respectively
So, for the reaction of ethyl bromide with sodium hydroxide
CH₃CH₂Br(aq) + NaOH(aq) ⇄ CH₃CH₂OH(aq) + NaBr(aq)
we have the following rate of reaction:
Where:
i for initial
m and n are equal to 1 because the reaction is first order in CH₃CH₂Br and NaOH.
Hence, if the concentration of CH₃CH₂Br was increased by half and the concentration of NaOH was quadrupled, we have:
Then, the reaction rate is:
Therefore, the rate will increase by a factor of six.
You can learn more about reaction rate here:
linklinkI hope it helps you!
Ответ:
Ex6 planation:
CH₃CH₂Br + OH⁻ ⟶ CH₃CH₂OH + Br⁻
Let's rewrite the equation as
A + B ⟶ C + D
m = 1 and n = 1, so the rate law is
r = k[A][B]
For a first order reaction, the rate is directly proportional to the concentration.
If you increase [A] by half, you increase the rate by a factor of 1.5.
If you quadruple [B], you increase the rate by a factor of 4.
If you do both, you multiply the factors: 1.5 × 4 = 6.
The rate will increase by a factor of 6.
Ответ:
10
Step-by-step explanation:
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