As a result of the first mechanical loom developed in 1784, what happened?
a. taller buildings could be built
b. more people could live in larger cities
c. steam could be harnessed to power factories
d. clothing and other woven materials and textiles became much cheaper to produce

Correct

A.Humans first began planting crops during the Neolithic Revolution. In addition, they also began domesticating animals.

I've underlined the transition words in that sentence -- "in addition."  Words such as in addition, also, or likewise show a relationship of similarity to preceding material in the previous sentence.  Transition words like but, rather, or, and however show a relationship of difference to what was stated in a prior sentence or paragraph. There are also transitional phrases that effects or consequences, like as a result  or in consequence.  There are transitional words/phrases that point to examples or support of a point: for instance, namely, as an illustration, etc.    And there are transition words that set up a conclusion: as has been shown, in summary, etc.