job specializations, advanced cities and technology and complex social instituitions are all characteristics of which of the following

The correct answer is C. Civilizations.

Explanation

Civilization is a term that refers to an advanced state of culture typical of human society that had complex social institutions in government, laws, security, among others. Also, civilizations are defined by job specializations that means certain individuals have knowledge and experiences in specific areas. Additionally, this term is used to designate a complex society characterized by advanced cities with extensive development of various aspects such as science, architecture, arts, technology, among others that allows it to stand out from other contemporary societies. Throughout history, there have been various civilizations around the world that have influenced modern Western society, for example, the Egyptian, Greek, Roman, Chinese, Islamic, Mayan, Inca civilizations, among others. According to the above, the correct answer is C. Civilizations.

Medieval theories about scientific reasoning differed greatly from the reason favored during the Scientific Revolution in that it relied heavily on a fear of an all-powerful God, instead of rational thinking and observation.