One way that the british government carried out
the policy of mercantilism was by
(1) promoting free trade between its colonies
and europe
(2) prohibiting the transatlantic trade in enslaved
africans
(3) encouraging the development of colonial
manufacturing and trade
(4) requiring that most colonial trade occur within
the british empire

One way that the British government carried out the policy of mercantilism was by (4) requiring that most colonial trade occur within the British empire. This was the basic policy of colonial mercantilism, where colonies such as the United States could only trade with Great Britain, and was banned from trading with other colonial superpowers, such as the Netherlands, France and Spain.

The new countries created after colonization were in fact new countries.

Explanation:

As you may already know, colonization created new frontiers across the African continent, which allowed the creation of new countries that did not exist before colonization. These borders were maintained after colonization which allowed the creation of new countries, but not only that. Colonization promoted a mixture of cultures and customs that differentiated the African people to the point that it was not possible to unite them in a single country, even if the borders were redrawn. This mixture of cultures and customs created even more differences among African peoples, strengthening the creation of new countries after colonization.