What is absolutism and please explain it in a simple way

a side effect of a good or service generating benefits or costs to someone who doesn’t decide how much to produce or consume

Explanation:

Externality is a microeconomic concept that aims to explain the positive or negative impact that an economic activity has on third parties. If by exercising an economic activity, a company indirectly benefits society or community, the externality is positive. If economic activity negatively impacts the surrounding community, externality is said to be negative. For example, the pollution that an industry emits in the production process has deleterious effects throughout society, being a negative externality. Likewise, a truck causes potholes in the road, this is a negative externality, since all citizens' taxes, including most non-truckers, will be used to restore potholes in the roadway.