As a teacher, Richard wants his students to think rationally and rigorously. He feels that he should prepare his brightest students for future leadership and responsibility, while providing vocational training to the rest of the students. Richard's approach to education is indicative of .

Perennialism

Explanation:

Perennialism is the process of teaching students to think rationally, thereby developing their minds to think critically. Perennaliist believe in the importance of mastery in a particular subject and development of reasoning skills for example is teaching a student to think rationally and vigorously so as to prepare the student to be a leader in the future. This type of approach in education makes the students not to be able to express themselves towards their own interest.

Germany

Explanation:

Charlemagne was crowned king of the Franks in 768. Charlemagne’s strong leadership and charming personality steadied his empire. A follower of Roman Christianity, he expanded the Frankish territory. It came to be known as the Carolingian Empire. At its greatest extent, the Carolingian Empire included northern Italy, France, and Germany.