The term that best describes factory work during the 1800s is

DIVERSITY OF CITIZENSHIP cases.

Explanation: Diversity of citizenship refers to controversies between parties from different states or between parties from the U.S and a foreign country. A diversity in citizenship case occurs when the amount involved exceeds $75000.

The United States Constitution, in Article III, § 2, gives the Congress the power to permit federal courts to hear diversity cases through legislation authorizing such jurisdiction.

In order for this case to happen, complete diversity must occur. That is the parties involved must be from different states or nationalities.