Joshua designs a research study to investigate the relationship between two variables: the size of a person’s head and I.Q. level. He measures each variable without manipulating either of the variables and finds that I.Q. is higher for subjects with bigger heads. In the context of correlational research, what can Joshua conclude?

IQ and head size are positively correlated.            

Explanation:

Correlational research: In scientific and psychological research, The term, "correlational research" is determined as one of the different types of "non-experimental research" methods in which an investigation, researcher, or experimenter tend to measure or evaluate two different variables and therefore assess and understands the "statistical relationship" between the given variables in the absence of any influence from the extraneous variable.

Positive correlation: Relationship between two different variables that move in a similar direction.

In the question above, Joshua can conclude IQ and head size are being positively correlated.

Capital - This is equipment and factories used in the production of goods and services.

Currency - the paper money and coins that make up the money supply of a nation

Entrepreneur - a person who takes the risk of a new business enterprise

Gross Domestic Product - The total value of all the goods and services produced within a country in a given year

Labor - This is one of the three main factors of production. It is the measure of the work done by people

Specialization - This is when each worker performs a specific task in production

Tariff - This is a tax on imported goods and is usually designed to protect domestic production of similar goods.

Trade Barrier - This is a restriction to regulate international commerce.

Explanation:

In Economics, the three main factors of production are 1) capital, which includes infrastructure, buildings and equipment required to produce goods 2) labor, which refers to the workforce used in the production process and 3) land, which consists mainly on natural resources. Entrepreneurship is often considered a fourth factor of production and refers to the venture of creating a new business, which is also needed to produce goods and services.

The concept of specialization of labor was born when Adam Smith proposed it as a powerful force to increase the productivity of a business, defining it as the performance of specific tasks by each worker.

The concept of Gross Domestic Product is the most common way to measure a country's wealth, by adding up the total amount of goods and services produced within the country, and is often measured in USD, which is the currency, or system of money accepted between countries.

Finally, countries might adopt measures to protect their key industrial sectors from international competition by applying tariffs (a form of tax on certain imported goods) or trade barriers, which are restrictions to imports, among other strategies.